How to choose a psychologist or psychotherapist? |

How to choose a good psychologist

Necessary qualities of a good psychologist. Many people who choose a therapist feel more comfortable with someone who is similar to them in some way. For example, it is easier for a woman to open up to a female therapist, especially in matters of intergender communication. She would be embarrassed to talk to a man about sex, dating, the peculiarities of her physiology, and the like.

In addition, a person of a certain nationality, nationality, living in a specific society may prefer “his” therapist, since he can better understand the peculiarities of life in a certain place, mentality, orders, way of life and customs. A religious person may want to associate with someone who shares his beliefs and values. Make a list of necessary qualities for your future psychotherapist. And think about what qualities are not so important to you.

Qualification

How to choose a therapist based on his qualifications? Psychotherapists spend years and years on their training. Ask him about his education. Does he have a diploma in higher psychological education, or perhaps he defended his PhD thesis? Where exactly did he receive his diploma, in what educational institution, in Moscow or in another city or country? Does he have a certificate of qualification? In what method does it work? Which psychotherapeutic school does he belong to?

No, these are not idle questions, education is a tool with which a given specialist will make your life better, or not. Quality education is one of the answers to the question of how to choose a good psychologist. Each Helppoint psychologist has at least a higher education in psychology and 3 years of work experience.

If you ask a psychologist about education, and he has nothing to hide, and at best, has something to brag about, he will be happy to answer all your questions and clarify unclear points. If this is not the case, this is unlikely to be your person.

Specialist age

There is no consensus on this issue. Some sources recommend a specialist who is older than the person being consulted, others refer to the fact that it is much more comfortable to communicate with a specialist of your age or 2-5 years older than you. Should you trust young specialists? It is worth noting here that experienced psychologists at the age of 25 simply do not meet: 6 years of higher education (provided that the person entered a university at the age of 18), plus experience and work under the supervision of senior and experienced specialists, and this is another plus 3 -5 years. It turns out that the specialist’s age must be at least 30 years.

What type of therapy does he practice?

How to choose the type of psychotherapy?
There are many different types of therapy. One of the most common and actually works is CBT, or cognitive behavioral therapy, but other types of therapy may be effective for you depending on what you like and what results you want to achieve. There is, for example, a rather rare type of therapy for our country, such as EMDP (desensitization of eye movement and processing), which helps well with PTSD (post-traumatic syndrome).

Many people find it very helpful to work with the body, then a psychologist who works in a body-oriented approach will be right for you. If you feel that something is hidden in you, something sits in your subconscious like a thorn, but is not realized and you cannot examine it on your own, perhaps psychoanalysis or constellations will suit you.

In general, talk to a psychologist, ask him about the approach he uses and discuss how he can help you deal with your particular problem.

Online services

Among the many online services, three sites for psychological help stand out:

Treatfield

Solved problems:

Depression, anxiety, phobias, panic attacks, family and interpersonal problems.
Dissatisfaction with your life, the desire to change yourself and your life.

Advantages:

All consultations are strictly confidential.
The video service is integrated into the platform.
Possibility of communication from iPhone, iPad.
Peer-to-peer connection (secure video communication).

Price and payment:

Payment by credit card on the website

Peculiarities:

Registration on the site.
Specialists conduct consultations in Russian, Ukrainian, Georgian and English.

Audience:

Adults and children.

PsiChat

The online psychologist selection service is designed for psychologists and clients. One of the best services on the psychological services market. Individual selection of a psychologist for each person makes it possible to find the best specialist in your problem.

Solved problems:

Getting rid of dependencies. Solving interpersonal relationships.
Help in overcoming crisis situations.
Intrafamily relations.
Increased self-esteem.
Problems of self-realization.
Neurotic disorders (phobias, neuroses, etc.).
Post-traumatic syndrome.
Depression.

Advantages:

Consultation at any time and from any device.
Free trial consultation for 20 minutes.
Confidentiality and anonymity.
Quick response from a specialist to your application.

Price:

From 1000 per consultation, payment by card.

Peculiarities:

Registration on the site is optional.
24/7 support and assistance.

Audience:

Adults.

How long has he been practicing?

Choice by experience. The first impulse will send you to a good, experienced psychotherapist who has seen a lot of things. And this really seems and is logical. He has dealt with a lot of clients, he knows exactly what works and what doesn’t, he knows his capabilities and will not make false promises, after all, adults have a wealth of life experience, which is also a good help in work related to people. However, this does not mean that you should completely abandon the idea of working with a young specialist. If you are young yourself, you may find it easier to connect with someone your own age.

And in general, the success of psychotherapy is greatly influenced by this invisible connection, which is either established or not. And this does not always depend on the experience of the psychologist.

How do you know when to see a psychologist?

Psychologist Alexandra Zinkova says: “If you can’t cope on your own, then you should seek help.” In this case, you need to remember the following symptoms:

deterioration of sleep and appetite;
decreased libido;
increased irritability, social isolation;
prostration;
apathy;
reduced emotional background;
anhedonia (inability to experience joy in life).

If these points describe your current state, do not be afraid to ask for help and go to a psychologist.

What problems does it work with?

How to determine what kind of psychotherapist to look for? If you know exactly what problem you need to deal with, for example, you need psychological support while you are undergoing treatment for a specific disease: depression, mental disorder, cancer, postpartum depression, then you are better off finding a psychologist who has experience working specifically with your problem.

This is really important because you need someone who will help you quickly and knows how to give you the best. Think about it this way - if you had a heart problem, you wouldn't go to the eye doctor, right?

What is the difference between a psychologist, psychiatrist and psychotherapist?

If you decide that you need the help of a specialist in solving mental problems, the first thing you should do is understand the difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist and psychotherapist.

Psychiatry is a medical specialty. It is believed that a psychologist works with healthy people, but this is not entirely true. A psychologist, rather, works with the “healthy part” of the personality, but this can be in both the clinical and correctional spheres.

A psychologist has no right to prescribe medication.

A psychotherapist is a specialist who, conditionally, is somewhere in the middle between a psychiatrist and a psychologist and works with deep human processes. This qualification can be obtained as an additional qualification by both a psychologist and a psychiatrist. In this case, the former does not have the right to prescribe drug treatment, but uses only verbal methods of psychotherapy.

Are you satisfied with the cost of the consultation?

How to choose the cost of a consultation? You may have a voluntary health insurance policy that covers the cost of the psychologist you choose. Seeing a therapist regularly is not cheap, and may require multiple sessions to be successful. This is definitely valuable and important, you can really change your life. Investing in yourself is the most rewarding investment of all. But you probably don't want these investments to require more than half of your monthly income. And add financial problems to the worries.

The price of psychotherapy should be tangible, but not prohibitive. Fortunately, online platforms have emerged that provide you with the services of good psychologists at an affordable price. Online consultation is much cheaper than face-to-face meetings.

Remote consultation

A face-to-face meeting between a psychologist and a client involves a waste of time, travel expenses and other inconveniences. Online consultation completely replaces personal communication, even surpassing it in many respects. For example, some clients are embarrassed to fully open up during a face-to-face meeting, so their problem remains unresolved.

A correspondence psychologist is much more convenient for shy clients who do not want to be seen. It is more convenient for them to write about themselves and their experiences than to talk out loud.

Some clients need an anonymous psychologist because their problem goes beyond the generally accepted, and they are not ready to reveal their soul to everyone. For example, a person is worried about issues of sexual preference, and he is not ready to talk about them face-to-face.

Advantages of remote consultation:

saving time and effort;
the opportunity to communicate during a business trip or travel;
lack of Russian-speaking specialists in the country of residence.

If you live and work abroad and do not speak a foreign language well, remote consultation with a Russian-speaking psychotherapist online is the only opportunity to receive psychological help. The psychological assistance website operates around the clock, so you can sign up for a consultation at any convenient time.

Transport accessibility.

How to choose a psychologist in Moscow or any other city?
Perhaps this is not the main question, but still. How convenient is it for you to reach your psychologist? Psychotherapy often requires significant time and regular meetings. Can you maintain this regularity if you have to spend more than an hour each way on the way to the psychologist? And in winter, when it’s cold and you don’t want to go anywhere? And in the summer, when it’s warm and you want to take a walk and relax, and not stand in a traffic jam or shake in a minibus? Unfortunately, this inconvenience can outweigh all other advantages, and you will interrupt your work. Platforms like Helppoint completely eliminate this problem. Your online psychologist is available to you 24/7 in Moscow, St. Petersburg and wherever you are.

How to choose the right psychologist?

To choose the right therapist you need to answer one question - “do you feel like this is “your” person”? Do you feel that it is easy for you to talk? No awkwardness, no feeling of foreignness? That same connection will, of course, not arise immediately, if at all. This takes time. But even the first meeting is indicative. If you feel that this is not your thing at all, you should not force yourself, even if it is a very experienced and knowledgeable therapist. The fact is that psychologists are taught to establish rapport (this very connection with a person), they are taught non-judgmental perception.

In an ideal world, a good psychologist should be able to please almost everyone. And if he really doesn’t suit you, then either he’s not a very good specialist, or he’s really not “your” person - it happens.

Put your brains in their place. How to choose the right psychotherapist

How to understand that you need a psychotherapist

Many people do not understand the difference between a psychologist, psychiatrist and psychotherapist. A psychologist is a specialist who graduated from a university with a degree in psychology. He understands the “structure” of a healthy personality and can help in solving specific problems (for example, a midlife crisis or intrafamily conflict). But a psychologist does not have a medical education, he cannot prescribe medications and does not have the skills of psychotherapy, so in case of a mental disorder he will not be able to provide qualified assistance. Within the profession, there is a specialization “clinical psychologist” - he understands the symptoms of mental disorders and can tell when it is time to seek psychiatric help. But he himself can neither make a diagnosis nor prescribe pills.

A psychotherapist, according to official Russian standards, must have a medical education. Usually these are doctors who work as psychiatrists for at least three years, and then undergo retraining in the specialty of psychotherapy. Psychotherapeutic techniques are designed to work with deeper personal problems and involve a course of treatment ranging from several months to several years. Psychotherapy can help both cope with low self-esteem and perfectionism, and cure depression, anxiety and other disorders. In addition, the therapist's psychiatric training allows him to prescribe medications. It often makes sense to combine “talk therapy” with pills. But there is a nuance: certified psychologists also often complete retraining courses in psychotherapy. Such specialists can successfully treat problems of a healthy psyche, but if you suspect you have any disorder, it is better to consult a psychotherapist with a medical education.

Finally, there are psychiatrists who work both in public institutions and privately. They can advise, make diagnoses, and treat - with pills, without psychotherapy. Psychiatrists understand less the nuances of someone else's rich inner world, but are more effective in treating serious problems. So it is better to resort to their services as “heavy artillery” - if you notice very sharp swings in mood and thinking, suicidal intentions and a tendency to self-harm, delusions and hallucinations. With the so-called “minor psychiatry” - diseases in which a person does not look strange and maintains a fairly adequate attitude to reality (for example, depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders), it is better to go to a psychotherapist with a medical education: he will be more sensitive to treatment individual characteristics of the patient.

How does psychotherapy work?

The main question that worries any person who is thinking about psychotherapy is: “How can I understand that I’m not wasting my money?” Unlike pills, the effectiveness of which can be tested in blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials (this is where neither the subject, nor the one who gives the medicine, nor the one who monitors the experiment knows whether it is a dummy or not), with psychotherapy this trick is not will pass. But the psychotherapist cannot help but know what he is doing with the patient - in this case it is impossible to come up with a “dummy”. In addition, it is not very clear by what indicators to monitor effectiveness - you cannot measure mental state with a thermometer. Even if not only the patient himself subjectively notes the difference, but all his friends see improvements, it is difficult to say what exactly has changed and by how much. Therefore, from the point of view of evidence-based medicine, the position of psychotherapy is rather shaky, with the exception of one school - cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its derivative methods. CBT, which we will talk about in more detail, is designed for specific “targets” (skill or condition - for example, combating groundless anxiety) and limited treatment periods.

But other types of psychotherapy, according to patients, can bring great relief. Of course, to some extent this is a lottery - a lot depends on the so-called “psychotherapeutic alliance”, that is, on how much you and the doctor are on the same wavelength and can effectively cooperate. In addition to the therapist’s qualifications, individual characteristics and the patient’s request also play a role here (which, by the way, it is better to try to formulate as clearly as possible in advance). If you, so to speak, “want to be handled,” that is, you first of all need empathy and acceptance, you may not like a session with a logical therapist; if, on the contrary, you are very rational, dream analysis may cause you some skepticism, dialogues with absent relatives and other creative approaches (however, this does not mean that you should not try something atypical, but it is important that it is comfortable enough for you). Purely human sympathy is also important: so that you feel comfortable and safe with the doctor, so that you like his manners, voice and sense of humor. Although it is worth remembering that you have a business relationship with the therapist (for your own good) and anything that goes beyond this violates professional ethics.

In general, psychotherapy does not provide a guaranteed effect, but there is a good chance of improving your condition if you take a proactive position from the very beginning - decide what exactly you want, how you will personally evaluate progress, which school of psychotherapy is closer to you, whether you want to combine talking with pills or not. If after a couple of sessions you feel that the therapist is not right for you, look for another one.

Basic schools

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the shortest type of therapy, usually lasting 4-6 months. And so far the most effective from the point of view of evidence-based medicine - due to the fact that CBT has the clearest criteria for success. And all because the psychotherapist here is focused not on a detailed analysis of the patient’s feelings, traumas and experiences (the depth of insight cannot be measured), but on teaching him awareness and making his current behavior more effective. Working with negative automatic thoughts that interfere with an objective assessment of reality comes to the fore: fears, self-criticism, perfectionism, etc. One of the pioneers of cognitive psychotherapy, American psychiatrist Aaron Beck argued: “A person’s thoughts determine his emotions, emotions determine corresponding behavior, and behavior, in turn, shapes our place in the world around us. It’s not that the world is bad, but how often we see it that way.” To overcome such thoughts, various tools are used: reappraisal (searching for alternative causes of the problem), decentering of thinking (fighting the feeling that you are the center of everyone's attention, good for social anxiety), conscious self-observation, practical training of new, more useful ways of behavior, positive imagination (replace disturbing scenarios with more pleasant ones).

Dialectical behavior therapy was created around 1987 by American psychologist Marsha Linehan and is recommended primarily for people with mood disorders and behavioral problems (self-harm, suicidal tendencies, alcohol and drug addiction, eating disorders). It is a type of cognitive behavioral therapy that combines the school's classical methods with concepts of resilience, acceptance and mindfulness drawn from Buddhist meditation practices. The therapist acts as an ally rather than an advisor, both demonstrating acceptance of the patient's emotions and showing better behavioral alternatives. Individual therapy is usually combined with group sessions.

Psychoanalysis - This school is based on the theories of Freud. Here the main goal is to help a person explore his unconscious and achieve integrity by resolving internal conflicts. Using the technique of free association (the patient says all the thoughts that come to mind without thinking about their logic, value or appropriateness), psychoanalysts try to bypass psychological defenses that suppress thoughts and feelings that a person considers reprehensible. The therapist looks for associations and lines of thought that cause great internal resistance in the patient, and helps to interpret them. Like any in-depth study, psychoanalysis takes time - therapy can take many years, and the emphasis is on the process rather than the result. This is the main complaint of supporters of the cognitive-behaviorist movement towards psychoanalysis.

Gestalt therapy focuses on the question: “What is happening to a person right now and how can I change it?” The word “gestalt” itself, translated from German, means “structure”, “image”, “form”, and from the point of view of psychotherapy it is a kind of holistic image of reality, including both the patient’s personality and the environment (they mutually influence each other). on a friend). In contact with the environment, a person satisfies his needs; those objects that are associated with these needs come to the fore, turning into a “figure” that stands out from the background. When the need is satisfied, these objects turn back into the “background” and attention switches to something else. Unfinished processes associated with unmet needs create distortions in the psyche. A Gestalt therapist helps the client find a balance between impulses, emotions and rationality, being aware of their feelings “here and now.” The average duration of this type of therapy is up to two years.

Existential therapy , as the name suggests, focuses on the patient's meaning of existence. Its goal is to develop in the patient the ability to be honest with himself and take a responsible approach to any choice in his life. This is a good option for those who, even as adults, cannot accept the fact that life is harsh and unfair, or are very afraid to leave their comfort zone - in such situations, existential therapy can give a powerful impetus to development.

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Do you feel trust?

One of the issues related to how to choose the right specialist is trust. Of course, if this is your question, “I don’t trust anyone,” the answer is no. Otherwise, there should be a feeling of trust and security. It will be finally installed later.

But, if you feel apprehension, mistrust, anxiety around the person who is supposed to help you, you probably do not need to choose him and it would be wiser to continue your search.

Are you giving him a chance?

It takes some time to choose the right one. With all that we said above, you should not make hasty conclusions and cut from the shoulder. If overall everything is good, but something is a little wrong, give your relationship a chance. Therapy, like any other human relationship, rarely works out and goes smoothly from the first minute. To make the right choice, it takes time for you to get used to the person, open up completely, and be able to trust. The advantage of therapy is that you don't have to adjust - your therapist will do it for both of you. You just need to give yourself and your psychologist a chance. You will not feel better after the first session and everything will not change as if by magic - changes take time. But if enough time has passed and nothing happens, then, apparently, it’s worth breaking up and rethinking how to choose the right psychologist. Find someone who will be “your” therapist.

This can be frustrating and time-consuming, taking up a lot of your energy. But you shouldn’t go to the first psychologist you come across, whom a friend recommended to you. When choosing, check our checklist, and you will definitely find a specialist who will do the best he can for you.

But, if you want to make your search easier and not think about anything other than the upcoming work and its successful completion, entrust this choice to us. We have already selected good, experienced and qualified psychologists and we have already solved the question of how to get to a psychologist in a metropolis like Moscow or any other city, for this you only need a computer (phone, tablet) and the Internet. After you complete the questionnaire, we will match you with the most suitable psychologist who has experience working specifically with your problem. The selection of your therapist is based on the data you left when completing the questionnaire and on the data left by our specialists. The system automatically selects the most suitable psychologist for you. We have set a single and low price for consultations. The only question that remains is compatibility, which, unfortunately, we cannot influence, but we can change your psychologist at any time, and the problem of how to do this so as not to experience awkwardness should no longer worry you. With Helppoint, finding a psychologist has become simpler and easier than ever.

Author: Editorial staff of the Help-Point.net portal

Advisory (pilot) psychotherapy

A customer at a car repair shop complains that his car won't start.

The master lifts the hood, thinks for a long time, examines, looks in one place, in another, listens, sniffs - and then takes a sledgehammer and hits the engine hard once. Car - the client asks.

"One hundred dollars".

“What are you talking about! One hundred dollars for one blow with a sledgehammer?! I could do this myself!”

Then the master hands the client a bill that says: “Hit with a sledgehammer - one dollar; knew where to hit - $99.”

The bottom line. This type of psychotherapy can hardly be called therapy (treatment) in the usual sense of the word. Because this includes the involvement of the client in the diagnostic process, his active participation in solving his problems, since 99% of its solution lies in an adequate understanding of the origins of the problem. The credo of counseling psychotherapy is “In front of his consultant, the client may well take off his hat, but not his head.”

This is psychotherapy for those who, as Griboyedov said, have “woe from their minds.” This approach in psychotherapy is also called “pilot”. Surely you have heard that the captain of a ship, to navigate an unfamiliar and supposedly dangerous section of the route, takes on board a pilot - someone who knows all the reefs and underwater currents in a given place. The pilot helps guide the ship on the safest course, but the captain still retains command of the ship. Here the consulting psychotherapist is the same “pilot”, and the client himself still remains the “captain” of his destiny. The consultant can only inform the captain that there is some kind of shoal in such and such a place. And then the captain makes a decision himself, based on how beneficial it is for him personally: maybe he will run aground on this ground on purpose - to, say, get insurance?

Consultative psychotherapy does not pose questions like “What to do,” but rather puzzles over what the client would like to ultimately do, what outcome to achieve, as well as why he cannot achieve this or that goal and how to overcome these obstacles in the most effective ways . Counseling therapy is a therapy of analysis, exploration, clinical reasoning, and differential diagnosis. This psychotherapy gives the client not a fish, but a fishing rod, and the client himself can then catch the fish he likes best.

Often pilot psychotherapy is at the same time didactic (educational).

Who is it suitable for? The demand for counseling psychotherapy is not yet too high. But nevertheless, there is more than one group of people for whom this style of work is most suitable. This…

— People with an active lifestyle and a desire for personal growth, especially those who, due to their strong intellect, strong character and high demands on life and on themselves, have shouldered too much of a burden.

— Those who want to understand the “mechanism of action” of the laws of psychology; strives to analyze in detail all possible outcomes; and is ready to work for this himself, first of all intellectually.

— Those whose view of the world differs from the popular and standard ones, and whose problems do not fit into generally accepted patterns.

— Those who are ready to lead their own destiny (or begin to learn how to do so) and, in particular, want to know what mistake they stepped on once again and how to avoid such things in the future.

Basic methods. With the mentioned approach (involving the client in differential diagnosis and clinical prognosis), rational therapy based on logical analysis becomes the main one. However, the approach of consultative psychotherapy itself requires the therapist to be able to master the so-called multimodal psychotherapy: according to the principle “not the client for the technique, but the technique for the client.” Technologies in counseling psychotherapy are of secondary, service importance: the determining factors are the problems of a particular client and the indications for the use of certain methods of work specifically for him. In many cases, various (usually modern, not requiring an overly long process of work) types of psychoanalytic therapy are widely used to analyze the client’s unconscious processes of perception. In the arsenal of a consulting psychotherapist, there may be elements of both consoling (anti-stress) and directive (“stimulating”) psychotherapy, but again, in “homeopathic doses” and solely according to indications. Often the basis of pilot psychotherapy is a live dialogue (or even a dispute in which “the truth is born”). In any case, the client of such a psychotherapist is free to ask any tricky questions at the appointment, defend his point of view, express doubts - and in such a dialogue find his truth.

What is the price? The need for individual selection of methods and personal analytical work with each client makes this type of psychotherapy exclusive, unique and very difficult even for an experienced professional. Therefore, the main disadvantage of pilot psychotherapy is that it is usually relatively expensive. But such a psychotherapist does not need anything from the client except payment for his work, and thus the social, personal and material growth of the client becomes beneficial to him. And the high cost (with precisely selected consultant-client interaction) is compensated by the most pronounced individual effect received by the client.

Features of the setting (negotiated working conditions between the therapist and the client, including the payment system) in counseling psychotherapy are expressed in the fact that the frequency of visits (and even the amount of payment within a certain pre-agreed “fork”) is determined by the client himself.

Personality characteristics of the consultant. A consulting psychotherapist is like a big reference book to which the client turns: “What will happen if I do this? What if it’s different? In what direction is it possible to act in order to achieve such and such a result?..” Of course, it seems that all this can be put into a large computer. But the fact of the matter is that no computer in the foreseeable future will be able to take into account all the nuances of various human relationships. Not to mention the fact that often the basis of pilot psychotherapy is a live dialogue (or even a dispute in which “the truth is born”). In any case, the client of such a psychotherapist is free to ask any tricky questions at the appointment, defend his point of view, express doubts - and in such a dialogue find his truth.

How to choose such a psychotherapist? A counseling psychotherapist usually has a fairly broad outlook (which, let’s say, the therapist does not trump). Then, he is unlikely to be categorical, as a directive consultant, and is unlikely to agree with the client on everything, as a comforting one. Such a therapist may have his own point of view on certain things, but he in no way imposes it on the client. A counseling psychotherapist usually respects the client’s personality, his worldview and beliefs, and recognizes the client’s right to make independent decisions and the right to make mistakes. The psychotherapist-pilot does not impose on the client his vision of his problems and possible solutions, but begins to work with how the client himself sees his problem, what goals and objectives he sets for himself. Such a psychotherapist treats the client and his actions and problems without judgment. However, for many of our clients this approach to therapy is, let’s say, “uncomfortable.” They are not used to the fact that a psychotherapist can doubt something, say “not firmly enough” and without “convincing pressure.” But such feelings mean that this psychotherapist is simply not suitable for referring this particular client.

By the way, another feature of the conversation between a consulting psychotherapist and a client is that such a psychotherapist tries not to use scientific terms that are incomprehensible to the client, using professional terminology only in the case where it is shown, and when the client understands the essence of the term or is ready to accept the explanation.

As for me personally as a specialist, I also work in the style of pilot (consultative psychotherapy). Details about my appointment can be found here.

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