ICD-10: Diagnosis F80 Specific disorders of speech and language development (disease treatment)

In severe stressful situations, a person may lose his voice, i.e. go numb. Physically, he remains completely healthy, but cannot utter a word. This condition is called psychogenic mutism. Most often, mutism occurs in children, but adults with unstable mental health are also susceptible to it. Fortunately, this speech loss is temporary and treatable.

Severe stress may cause temporary loss of speech.

Causes of voice loss

The voice is the most important component in speech. Speech itself is the result of complex brain activity that involves more than 200 muscles. The coordination of muscle movements is regulated by the central nervous system. Let us consider below what the speech apparatus consists of:

The larynx contains the vocal cords, which are the main source of sound vibrations.
Resonators: bronchi, lungs, trachea, mouth, nasal, frontal and maxillary sinuses.

Resonators give color to the sound. If teeth are lost or the tongue is damaged, the voice will change as a result of a malfunction of one of the resonators. Without resonators, the human voice would be represented by a uniform squeak. Disturbances in the functioning of the central nervous system can have a significant impact on the functioning of the speech apparatus.

Loss of voice can be partial (hoarseness) or complete. Diseases that harm the central nervous system can cause such a specific symptom:

brain injuries;
brain tumor;
Parkinson's disease;
sclerosis;
alcoholism;
addiction;
severe stress;
depression;
diseases accompanied by paresis of the facial muscles.

Long-term use of antidepressants can negatively affect the functioning of the central nervous system.

Signs of pathology

Loss of voice due to stress in severe cases can cause complete muteness. It is important to learn to promptly recognize the characteristic symptoms of pathological abnormalities. One of the first symptoms is a complete discrepancy between the pronunciation and the patient’s age. Spastic dystrophy in the initial stages of development is manifested by hoarseness and a muffled voice. Such symptoms appear as a result of involuntary contraction of the vocal muscles.

This pathology is characterized by a lack of competent expression of one’s thoughts, as well as problems with the perception of speech addressed to the patient.

An accelerated rate of speech with error-free pronunciation of words may be a consequence of deviations in the functioning of the speech apparatus. Typically, such pathologies are observed in patients with severe mental illnesses, abnormalities in brain development, and infectious diseases. A common symptom of the disease is a change in the timbre of the voice, as well as the use of parasitic words in conversation. In addition, the following deviations may be observed:

stuttering;
repeating certain sounds or words;
accelerated speech;
incorrect construction of syntactic forms.

With such dysfunctions, it is usually not only the speech apparatus that suffers. Personality degradation occurs. Stress has a destructive effect on the psyche and the functioning of brain centers.

Diagnostics

If, after severe stress, a person’s voice has disappeared, it is necessary to determine the type of speech disorder.

Anarthria is loss of speech due to impaired coordination of the muscles of the respiratory and vocal apparatus.
Aphasia is a disorder of the speech apparatus.

This is quite difficult to do, even if the patient is conscious. When the patient responds with monosyllabic yes or no answers, these may be random responses. Even with afsia, the patient can use the “key word” strategy, using it to understand the meaning of the entire phrase. Associated disorders (oral apraxia) can cause serious difficulties in making a diagnosis. With such disorders, a person cannot open his mouth and show his tongue.

Psychogenic mutism often appears after stress. The pathology is characterized by the absence of response speech while maintaining the ability to speak and understand the speech of the interlocutor.

Children may exhibit neurotic selective mutism, which occurs when communicating with one specific person.

Celebrities with speech impediments

Undoubtedly, difficulties with the correct pronunciation of sounds, words and sentences leave an imprint on a person’s self-perception. Often people whose speech is far from ideal have a complex because of this, avoid unnecessary communication with other people, and speaking publicly in front of an audience is equated to a nightmare.

This problem is especially acute for public people, who, due to the nature of their activities, have to communicate with many people every day. The film “The King's Speech” was dedicated to this problem - a historical drama about the British Duke George VI (played by Colin Firth), who is about to become king.

Everything would be fine, but the future monarch suffers from a severe stutter. Throughout the film, he, together with his wife (played by Helena Bonham Carter) and a speech therapist - an adherent of unconventional methods of treatment, struggles with his illness in order to deliver “the main message to his people.”

Treatment methods

If a person has stopped speaking after stress, the main goal of treatment will be to eliminate the provoking factor. In childhood, a speech therapist-psychologist will help eliminate pathologies with speech. The older the patient is, the more difficult it is to correct the pathology.

In conservative therapy, special exercises are used for the speech apparatus, which help restore its functionality. Physiotherapeutic procedures are used: heating, UHF, etc. Drug therapy is aimed at improving blood flow in the brain. Medicines are often used to improve memory and restore central nervous system function.

Psychological methods

Speech impairment in adults as a result of stress needs to be treated using a comprehensive method. One of the activities aimed at improving the patient’s condition is working with a psychologist. In severe cases, suggestion through hypnosis may be used.

The doctor draws up an appropriate treatment plan. Psychotherapy is aimed at relaxation and learning relaxation methods in order to be able to independently coordinate the work of your muscles and control your emotions when stress begins to put pressure on your nerves.

It is important for patients to learn to relax muscles that spontaneously contract during stress. Good remedies are:

relaxing baths;
massage;
inhalation;
breathing techniques.

The patient needs to realize the problem and begin to eliminate the psychological factor that provokes speech disorders. You need to change your perception of a stressful situation.

Some patients require sedatives to recover. These are natural herbal preparations: Persen, Sedavit, Valerian, etc. In severe cases, antidepressants are prescribed.

Inhalations will help restore your voice

Relaxation practices

A person must learn to recognize his condition on his own. Under stress, the voice may disappear, but it is important to understand that the prerequisite for this was the destruction of nerve cells that occurred over a long period of time. As soon as the patient feels anxious, he needs to try to relax.

Sudden loss of speech due to stress: causes, what to do

Nervous disorders can have a variety of consequences.
A large number of people have encountered situations where they lost speech due to stress. To understand this phenomenon, we need to remember the construction of this apparatus. Losing your voice may be due to stress

Causes of voice loss

The larynx with its ligaments, which are the main source producing sound vibrations.
Resonators: bronchi, lungs, trachea, mouth, nasal, frontal and maxillary sinuses.

Loss of voice can be partial (hoarseness) or complete. Diseases that harm the central nervous system can cause such a specific symptom:

brain injuries;
brain tumor;
Parkinson's disease;
sclerosis;
alcoholism;
addiction;
severe stress;
depression;
diseases accompanied by paresis of the facial muscles.

Long-term use of antidepressants can negatively affect the functioning of the central nervous system.

Signs of pathology

Loss of voice due to stress in severe cases can cause complete muteness. It is important to learn to promptly recognize the characteristic symptoms of pathological abnormalities.

One of the first symptoms is a complete discrepancy between the pronunciation and the patient’s age. Spastic dystrophy in the initial stages of development is manifested by hoarseness and a muffled voice.

Such symptoms appear as a result of involuntary contraction of the muscles.

This pathology is characterized by a lack of competent expression of one’s thoughts, as well as problems with the perception of speech addressed to the patient.

An accelerated rate of speech with error-free pronunciation of words may be a consequence of deviations in the functioning of the speech apparatus.

Typically, such pathologies are observed in patients with severe mental illnesses, abnormalities in brain development, and infectious diseases.

A common symptom of the disease is a change in the timbre of the voice, as well as the use of parasitic words in conversation. In addition, the following deviations may be observed:

stuttering;
repeating certain sounds or words;
accelerated speech;
incorrect construction of syntactic forms.

With such dysfunctions, it is usually not only the speech apparatus that suffers. Personality degradation occurs. Stress has a destructive effect on the psyche and the functioning of brain centers.

Diagnostics

If, after severe stress, a person’s voice has disappeared, it is necessary to determine the type of speech disorder.

Anarthria is loss of speech due to impaired coordination of the muscles of the respiratory and vocal apparatus.
Aphasia is a disorder of the speech apparatus.

This is quite difficult to do, even if the patient is conscious. When the patient responds with monosyllabic yes or no answers, these may be random responses.

Even with afsia, the patient can use the “key word” strategy, using it to understand the meaning of the entire phrase. Associated disorders (oral apraxia) can cause serious difficulties in making a diagnosis.

With such disorders, a person cannot open his mouth and show his tongue.

Psychogenic mutism often appears after stress. The pathology is characterized by the absence of response speech while maintaining the ability to speak and understand the speech of the interlocutor.

Children may exhibit neurotic selective mutism, which occurs when communicating with one specific person.

Mutism

Treatment methods

Psychological methods

It is important for patients to learn to relax muscles that spontaneously contract during stress. Good remedies are:

relaxing baths;
massage;
inhalation;
breathing techniques.

The patient needs to realize the problem and begin to eliminate the psychological factor that provokes speech disorders. You need to change your perception of a stressful situation.

Some patients require sedatives to recover. These are natural herbal preparations: Persen, Sedavit, Valerian, etc. In severe cases, antidepressants are prescribed.

Inhalations will help restore your voice

Relaxation practices

First you need to practice complete relaxation at home. The development of conditioned reflexes is one of the leading methods of relaxation. Sit in a comfortable position and close your eyes, begin to massage a tense area of the body, for example, the collar area or palm.

Breathe evenly, concentrate on the point being massaged, feel relaxation, mentally try to give the body the task of relaxing. Imagine a place where no one can disturb you. The exercise should be performed for 3-5 minutes. Over time, when you feel anxious, touching the right point can quickly calm your nerves.

Preventive measures

It is important to ensure the production of endorphin hormones, which help the body cope with stress. You need to eat healthy foods to provide your body with the vitamins and minerals necessary to build nerve cells.

An effective method is falconation.

To strengthen the nerves, it is recommended to consume freshly squeezed juices from beets, potatoes, kiwi, citrus fruits, strawberries, carrots, cabbage, and pumpkin.

Conclusion

Can nerves cause voice loss? The voice may disappear due to nervousness due to disruption of the central nervous system. This pathology can lead to serious consequences, including complete numbness. Very often, pathologies of voice loss are accompanied by disturbances in brain activity, therefore, upon noticing the first symptoms of the disease, you need to consult a doctor.

Source: //psyhoday.ru/stress/poterya-rechi-pri.html

Preventive measures

The most important thing in treating nervous loss of voice is to avoid stressful situations. Prevention is also necessary. Systematic trips to the gym and hardening help strengthen the nervous system. It is important to ensure the production of endorphin hormones, which help the body cope with stress. You need to eat healthy foods to provide your body with the vitamins and minerals necessary to build nerve cells. An effective method is falconation.

To strengthen the nerves, it is recommended to consume freshly squeezed juices from beets, potatoes, kiwi, citrus fruits, strawberries, carrots, cabbage, and pumpkin.

Sudden loss of speech after stress: how to recognize and how to treat

Severe stress may cause temporary loss of speech.

Speech defects in children

A child’s speech develops most actively in the period from 2.5 to 5 years. Normally, by the age of three, a child should be able to speak in coherent sentences. At 4 years old, his vocabulary usually exceeds 800-1000 words.

At an early age (up to 3 years), a lisp and burr are considered natural defects, because the articulatory apparatus is not yet fully developed. To eliminate these phenomena, parents should unobtrusively correct the child’s speech and talk to him about the correct pronunciation of sounds and words.

To correctly stage a child’s speech, adults must speak to him in clear, well-constructed sentences. Words must be pronounced clearly and intelligibly. You should not encourage your child’s “funny” distortion of words, otherwise the habit of speaking incorrectly will take hold for a long time. Also, a child can deliberately copy incorrect pronunciation if someone close to him has a speech defect.

Important! Dyslalia, which is often found in children, should normally go away before the age of 3-4 years. If your child is about to turn 5 and still confuses sounds, you should consult a specialist.

Causes of mutism

The causes of psychogenic muteness are:

death of loved ones;
physical or mental violence;
severe fear;
sudden change in living conditions.

In susceptible and easily excitable people, speech disorders will be more severe and the recovery period will be longer. The cause of fear is individual for each person. Unlike mutism, which develops on the basis of physical disorders, with psychogenic mutism the patient retains the ability to gesture. Sometimes he refuses to talk only to strangers, but continues to communicate with loved ones. Sometimes the patient does not talk to anyone except his attending physician. If a person has stopped speaking, you cannot put pressure on him, force him to communicate with those whom he himself avoids. It takes him time to fully recover.

Speech pathologist or speech therapist - who to contact?

Speech therapists and speech pathologists correct speech defects. What is the difference between them and which specialist should I contact?

A speech therapist is a doctor who restores the speech of children who do not have any abnormalities in mental or physical health and have a normally functioning central nervous system.

As a rule, speech therapists work with children over 3 years of age. The main task of a speech therapist is to correctly stage the child’s speech, teach him to correctly pronounce sounds and words.

To do this, special exercises are practiced for breathing, articulation, singing and pronunciation of sounds. Special tongue twisters are learned.

A defectologist is a doctor who works with children with disabilities in physical or mental development. This specialist receives special education, which includes courses in psychology, psychiatry, neurology and other disciplines.

Symptoms

Speech disorders appear immediately after stress. The patient may be in shock and not understand what is happening to him. When he tries to speak, he discovers that his voice has disappeared. Sometimes the patient refuses communication itself and withdraws into himself.

It is possible to lose not only the verbal ability to communicate, but also the person is unable to express his thoughts in writing. Due to nervous shock, the patient may experience clouding of consciousness, tremors of the limbs and other disorders.

If the voice does not recover within several hours after the incident, this is not yet a pathology. The next 2-3 days will be decisive. If a person does not speak during this time, his muteness is already defined as mutism. Silence lasting 2 weeks or more can be considered chronic mutism.

Silence for 2-3 days after a traumatic event is considered normal

Treatment

After severe stress, it will take a long time to recover. Speech loss will have to be treated comprehensively, using medications and psychotherapy. Only a doctor can select medications that will reduce the load on the nervous system and help a person cope with the situation. The effect of tablets alone is not enough. Due to prolonged silence, the speech apparatus, like the engine of a car that has been parked for a long time in the garage, needs to be “warmed up.” To restore your voice, it is useful to do special gymnastics. You can choose a set of exercises together with a speech therapist.

Art therapy helps to recover from speech loss. You need to draw your fears, emotions, impressions in order to give them an outlet. Hidden experiences often cause complications with mutism.

After stressful situations, it is important to ensure a stable environment in the family. A person needs additional attention from loved ones. You need to constantly communicate with him, despite the fact that he cannot answer. If his communication style before his illness did not involve close contacts, then you cannot insist on them. Peace and tranquility contributes to the rapid return of the voice.

Speech impairment in adults after stress

Speech disorders are quite common in the modern world, both in adults and children. For the correct functioning of speech, in addition to the absence of problems in the apparatus itself, the coordinated work of visual and auditory analyzers, the brain and other parts of the nervous system is necessary.

A speech disorder is a disorder of speech skills that can be caused by various reasons. Let's look at the most common diseases:

Stuttering, or logoneurosis, is one of the most common deviations. This disorder is expressed in the periodic repetition of individual syllables or sounds during a conversation. In addition, convulsive pauses may occur in a person’s speech.

Clonic - repetition of syllables and sounds.
Stuttering can be triggered and aggravated by stress, emotional situations and shocks, such as speaking in front of a large number of people.
Logoneurosis occurs in adults and children. The causes of its occurrence may be neurological and genetic factors. With timely diagnosis and initiation of treatment, it is possible to completely get rid of this problem. There are many treatment methods - both medical (physiotherapeutic, speech therapy, medication, psychotherapeutic) and traditional medicine.
A disease characterized by slurred speech and problems articulating sounds. Appears due to disorders in the central nervous system.
One of the characteristic features of this disease is reduced mobility of the speech apparatus - lips, tongue, soft palate, which complicates articulation and is due to insufficient innervation of the speech apparatus (the presence of nerve endings in tissues and organs, which ensures communication with the central nervous system).
This disorder requires complex treatment: speech therapy correction, drug intervention, physical therapy.
Tongue-tied is a disease in which a person pronounces certain sounds incorrectly, misses them, or replaces them with others. This disorder usually occurs in people with normal hearing and innervation of the articulatory apparatus. Typically, treatment is carried out with speech therapy intervention.
This is one of the most common speech disorders, which is found in about 25% of preschool children. With timely diagnosis, the disorder can be corrected quite successfully. Preschool children perceive correction much more easily than schoolchildren.
A condition that often occurs in people who have had an epileptic seizure. Characterized by poor vocabulary or simplified sentence construction.

Such disorders can be considered a symptom of general speech underdevelopment.

A developmental disorder in children in which there are deficiencies in the use of expressive means of speech. At the same time, children are able to express thoughts and understand the meaning of someone else's speech.

sudden change in living conditions.
In susceptible and easily excitable people, speech disorders will be more severe and the recovery period will be longer. The cause of fear is individual for each person. Unlike mutism, which develops on the basis of physical disorders, with psychogenic mutism the patient retains the ability to gesture.
Sometimes he refuses to talk only to strangers, but continues to communicate with loved ones. Sometimes the patient does not talk to anyone except his attending physician. If a person has stopped speaking, you cannot put pressure on him, force him to communicate with those whom he himself avoids.
Read also: Stomach pain caused by nervousness: how to treat it
It takes him time to fully recover.
Speech disorders appear immediately after stress. The patient may be in shock and not understand what is happening to him. When he tries to speak, he discovers that his voice has disappeared. Sometimes the patient refuses communication itself and withdraws into himself.
It is possible to lose not only the verbal ability to communicate, but also the person is unable to express his thoughts in writing. Due to nervous shock, the patient may experience clouding of consciousness, tremors of the limbs and other disorders.
If the voice does not recover within several hours after the incident, this is not yet a pathology. The next 2-3 days will be decisive. If a person does not speak during this time, his muteness is already defined as mutism. Silence lasting 2 weeks or more can be considered chronic mutism.
Silence for 2-3 days after a traumatic event is considered normal
After severe stress, it will take a long time to recover. Speech loss will have to be treated comprehensively, using medications and psychotherapy. Only a doctor can select medications that will reduce the load on the nervous system and help a person cope with the situation.
The effect of tablets alone is not enough. Due to prolonged silence, the speech apparatus, like the engine of a car that has been parked for a long time in the garage, needs to be “warmed up.” To restore your voice, it is useful to do special gymnastics. You can choose a set of exercises together with a speech therapist.
Art therapy helps to recover from speech loss. You need to draw your fears, emotions, impressions in order to give them an outlet. Hidden experiences often cause complications with mutism.
//www.youtube.com/watch?v=fA_NeAtv8v4
After stressful situations, it is important to ensure a stable environment in the family. A person needs additional attention from loved ones. You need to constantly communicate with him, despite the fact that he cannot answer. If his communication style before his illness did not involve close contacts, then you cannot insist on them. Peace and tranquility contributes to the rapid return of the voice.
Sometimes the cause of loss of the ability to speak is not the stress factors themselves, but the hysterical neurosis that develops against their background. Its appearance is provoked by regular mental stress. A patient with neurosis remains conscious during an attack of muteness.
It is important that he can be in a calm environment until his mental state returns to normal. Do not pour water on the patient or slap him in the face. Such methods do not reassure: they can provoke a new attack and complications.
After the voice has been restored, in order to avoid a recurrence of the attack, it is advisable to avoid situations that lead to nervous tension.
A patient with hysterical neurosis can be helped to reduce the manifestations of speech disorders. If an attack can be recognized in advance, it can almost always be stopped.
dizziness.
It is important to understand that people with hysteria do not control their illness, and it is the task of those around them to help them.
If the patient feels a spasm, the speech apparatus does not obey him, you need to do breathing exercises: alternate deep breaths and slow exhalations with short and fast ones.
It is useful to do a light massage: stroke your arms, starting from the shoulders, and the back of the neck. If the patient is able to drink, you need to give him some warm water. Losing your voice, even temporarily, will be a serious challenge for any person.
If the ability not only to speak, but also to communicate through writing and gestures has disappeared, the patient finds himself in isolation. He needs to be supported so that he can feel safe.
It is useful to walk with him, watch movies together, read aloud to him, surround him with attention and care.
Certain areas of the brain are responsible for speech, learning, understanding, and communication. Therefore, during a stroke, these functions may be impaired. The muscle control that allows the tongue to move, which is necessary to speak and be understood, may also be impaired. Classes with a speech therapist and communication with loved ones will help restore these functions.
If a stroke affects the brain's speech center, aphasia can occur. This is difficulty expressing thoughts or understanding words. A person with aphasia may not understand speech and/or spelling. The patient may understand the interlocutor, but is unable to find the right words to respond.
Relearning how to have a conversation
A speech therapist can help restore your ability to speak. There are many different treatment methods. Therapy depends on what you need and the goals you and your loved ones set for yourself.
Try to talk and read, even if it is difficult. Retell what you read. Practice by talking to your loved ones and people you feel comfortable with. This will help your further recovery.

Source: //deltarecycling.ru/stress/narushenie-rechi-u-vzroslyh-posle-stressa/

Hysterical neurosis

Sometimes the cause of loss of the ability to speak is not the stress factors themselves, but the hysterical neurosis that develops against their background. Its appearance is provoked by regular mental stress. A patient with neurosis remains conscious during an attack of muteness. It is important that he can be in a calm environment until his mental state returns to normal. Do not pour water on the patient or slap him in the face. Such methods do not reassure: they can provoke a new attack and complications. After the voice has been restored, in order to avoid a recurrence of the attack, it is advisable to avoid situations that lead to nervous tension.

A patient with hysterical neurosis can be helped to reduce the manifestations of speech disorders. If an attack can be recognized in advance, it can almost always be stopped.

cardiopalmus;
pale skin;
feeling of coldness in the hands and feet;
labored breathing;
dizziness.

It is important to understand that people with hysteria do not control their illness, and it is the task of those around them to help them.

If the patient feels a spasm, the speech apparatus does not obey him, you need to do breathing exercises: alternate deep breaths and slow exhalations with short and fast ones.

Forecast and methods of prevention of tachylalia

A favorable prognosis for the treatment of tachylalia directly depends on the neurotic and mental state of the patient, as well as active collaboration with a doctor and speech therapist. In cases of the development of battarism and polternism, the prognosis is uncertain.

In order to prevent the development of tachylalia, experts recommend following simple precautions regarding the prevention and treatment of head injuries, neuropsychiatric disorders, infections and brain tumors. You should also pay special attention to the child’s neuropsychic development and the correct formation of his speech. It is necessary to protect her from such extreme irritants as noise, intimidation, excessive severity, and unexpected shouts. At the same time, one should not overindulge children and indulge all their desires. Adults should strive to maintain an even, calm attitude towards the child against the backdrop of reasonable demands. Particular attention should be paid to nervous, impressionable, vulnerable children. You need to show increased sensitivity to them. It is very important to strengthen the health of these children and the nervous system in every possible way in accordance with the recommendations of doctors.

From a very early age, the child actively imitates the speech of others. But imitation, being a powerful means of developing children's speech, at the same time poses certain dangers. It was already noted above that both tachylalia and bradyllalia can arise as a result of imitation. Therefore, it is necessary to exclude all contacts of the child with people who speak too quickly or too slowly.

The speech of parents and educators should always be correct, distinct, smooth, clear in articulation, simple in structure, expressive and leisurely, but not overly drawn out. Children should not be allowed to speak while inhaling, choking and suffocating. If a child constantly hears correct speech - both in the family and in kindergarten - he himself will eventually speak correctly.

Psychology

Speech impairment after stress

Hello! My mother is 58 years old; after stress 6 months ago, her speech and swallowing reflex worsened. We thought about a mini-stroke, but everything was fine, we consulted several neurologists - there were no pathologies. When left alone with himself, he talks and eats normally, but in public and in the family his speech often (almost always) deteriorates, he drags out his words, and speaks slowly. From a conversation with her, I found out that there is a feeling of guilt towards us (the children), the event that caused stress was the bankruptcy of her small business. Hence, I think, the guilt for food (swallowing reflex). The city is small, the psychotherapist at the clinic only prescribed antidepressants, but I see that she needs in-person help. I understand that I can’t cope on my own. She suggested that she go out into the field, shout out the whole situation, and burn some effigy symbolizing the problem. What other techniques can you use to relieve her of guilt?

Total answers: 2

Ekaterina Dmitrievna

You are thinking correctly. Advise your mother about art therapy methods. You can even try it with her, it all depends on how comfortable she is. The method is as follows. Find glass measuring approximately 30*30 and paints. Let mom draw all her feelings on the glass, in the form of abstract or concrete images, either with brushes or with her fingers, as she wishes. She is not limited in time; on the contrary, let her do it when she has the most free time. Basics. When she completes her picture of unpleasant sensations and feelings, let her go to the bath and wash away these negative sensations under a thin stream of water, the main thing here is to watch how it all leaves her life. After this, you can draw a picture on paper about your feelings after this procedure. If necessary, the procedure can be repeated until complete relief occurs.

LYDIA

Good morning. Marina, you are a wonderful daughter. But please, stop self-medicating your mother and urgently take your mother to the doctors.

First. Judging by your message, your mother has bulbar syndrome (bulbar palsy). This is a syndrome of damage to the cranial nerves (glossopharyngeal, vagus, hypoglossal), the nuclei of which are located in the medulla oblongata. That is why nothing helps your mother, and will not help without medical help. This diagnosis requires completely different treatment. Treatment will be aimed at eliminating the underlying disease and compensating for impaired vital functions. For example, certain medications are prescribed to improve swallowing.

Second. Psychocorrection is a complex and step-by-step process using special treatment methods aimed at helping the patient/client, which, judging by your message, you have no idea about. Moreover, if my diagnosis is confirmed, then your mother does not need psychocorrection.

Therefore, take this advice: if you want to really help your mother, stop speculating on psychosomatics and chaotically applying any fragmentary methods of psychotherapy to your loved one, and urgently take your mother to the doctor and check the diagnosis. This is a matter of life and death for your mother. By the way, the causes of the disease lie in a completely different area, and not in psychosomatics, as you suggest.

Wisdom to you. Lydia.

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Correction of tachylalia

Correction of tachylalia is accompanied by complex medical, psychotherapeutic and speech therapy interventions, namely:

carrying out balneotherapy;
exercise therapy;
autogenic training;
speech exercises;
speech therapy rhythm;
drug therapy;
physiotherapy;
neurosedative massage;
balneotherapy;
sessions with a psychologist.

At the same time, the main goal of correctional work to eliminate tachylalia is to develop the skill of calm, unhurried, smooth, rhythmic speech. In this case, the patient attends collective classes, which involve adherence to discipline and a regime of maximum speech restriction. Question-and-answer conversations are used in speech therapy work. In addition, various speech techniques, exercises, logarithmics, speech exercises to the beat, loud reading, and listening to samples of correct speech are used in the classes. At the end of the course, patients begin stories, retellings, silent reading and, of course, public speaking, which are then analyzed.

Correction of tachylalia in adult patients lasts 3 months, and in children - up to a year. Throughout all classes, children are accustomed to speaking slowly, calmly and smoothly. At first it can be very difficult with such a slow pace of speech. For this purpose, children can pronounce phrases while hitting the ball, jumping, or using a metronome. Such techniques help maintain a given pace throughout the entire lesson.

With tachylalia, consistency and logical thinking are often disrupted. This should also be given great attention. In such cases, it is useful to teach children to compose a story according to plan, telling them the sequence of presentation. This type of storytelling is effective when the speech therapist begins the phrase, and all the children take turns finishing the sentence. In this case, all phrases must be united by one topic. Such exercises develop logical thinking in children and at the same time allow them to practice speaking at a leisurely pace.

After completing the course of classes, it is necessary to very carefully monitor the child’s speech for a year, since tachylalia tends to return. It is necessary to protect the skills acquired by the child and not allow him to speed up the pace of speech. If the normal rate of speech is maintained for a year, then tachylalia has disappeared. In case of relapses of tachylalia, repeated sets of classes are carried out.

Speech disorders

By calling now, even if you do not have an urgent question about providing psychiatric care or treatment, you will definitely receive a detailed consultation containing the basic rules for providing this assistance, information about the effectiveness of modern methods, as well as answers to all questions. With all the information on such a sensitive and important issue, we ensure that you can make no mistakes when it comes time to act quickly.

Moreover, you need to call if you need emergency help.

Checked by Eremin Alexey Valentinovich

Speech disorders are classified as a separate category of mental disorders. They represent not only problems with the patient's verbal communication, but also pathologies in speech motor skills and other related areas. The degree of severity of the disorder varies - from incorrect pronunciation of sounds to the inability of an individual to perceive other people's words by ear.

The prerequisites for the occurrence of the disease in children and adults are different. In the first category of patients, it is caused by heredity, complications during pregnancy and childbirth. In the second, it develops against the background of malignant and benign neoplasms in the brain, infections or stroke.

At the Clinic of Dr. Isaev, treatment of speech disorders is carried out using modern therapy techniques and traditional methods that have proven their effectiveness. You can contact us with concerns about speech pathologies at any time. Our specialists are fluent in psychotherapeutic technologies and, if necessary, combine the treatment process with the use of medications. The result of competently carried out work is a significant improvement in the patient’s condition, and in some cases, the complete elimination of negative symptoms.

Diagnostic methods for tachylalia

Diagnosis of speech disorders is carried out by a neurologist and psychiatrist. In order to identify neurological symptoms, as well as check the state of intelligence and mental disorders, the patient undergoes the following tests:

electroencephalography;
EEG to exclude epileptiform activity;
MRI of the brain.

To assess speech function, the patient is referred for examination to a speech therapist. The specialist checks the state of speech motor skills and features of expressive speech. Also during the study, the patient’s use of stress and pauses are taken into account, and tasks for writing, reading, and rewriting texts are assessed. In turn, the psychologist conducts an examination of the sensory, cognitive, emotional and volitional spheres.

General characteristics of the disease

The highest function is speech; it is inextricably linked with the ability to feel, remember and think. A person can pronounce sounds correctly only with normal brain function. Also involved in this process are the articulatory apparatus (lips, teeth, larynx, tongue) and the respiratory system.

This function is formed through two mechanisms. Based on this, two speech varieties are distinguished - impressive and expressive. Each of them has its own characteristics and clinical picture of disorders. Impressive speech determines a person’s ability to perceive words heard and comprehend phrases read. The brain instantly analyzes all the sound components of the spoken word, thanks to which it is understood.

Speech disorders of this type are associated with disorders of the visual and auditory analyzers, as well as pathologies of the brain. Such patients may listen to a single phrase but not understand its meaning. Words addressed to them are ignored, and when such phrases are played, sounds are replaced. As a result, others no longer understand the patient. He himself finds himself disoriented in the society around him.

Expressive speech makes it possible to speak, write words independently, and form sentences. This form of speech disorder is manifested by the patient’s poor vocabulary. The pronunciation of sounds occurs with certain impairments; he cannot correctly construct sentences or make logical connections from words and phrases. This pathology is associated with psychological problems of the individual, disorders of the articulatory apparatus and the brain.

Main signs of speech disorder

You can notice that a person has started having problems with speech function or has had them since early childhood by the following signs:

diction becomes slurred and blurred;
vocabulary is limited;
disturbances in the rhythm and tempo of speech, stuttering;
a change in the timbre of the voice, the patient develops a nasal tone caused by pathology of the nasal septum;
inhibition when constructing and subsequently reproducing sentences;
substitution of sounds or distorted pronunciation;
the patient does not understand what is being said to him;
hoarseness in the absence of viral or infectious diseases;
rapid pace and swallowing of individual sounds when pronouncing words;
increased salivation;
lack of ability to convey your thoughts to others;
mutism is absolute silence, regardless of the presence of external stimuli.

Such patients require careful examination and timely treatment. If it is not possible to come to the hospital, you can call a psychiatrist at home. The doctor will conduct an examination, make a preliminary diagnosis, and issue a referral for further examination.

A speech disorder prevents the patient from fully communicating with others. This significantly complicates the social, professional, and personal aspects of his life.

Causes of speech disorders

In adults, speech disorders are divided into two types - organic and functional. The classification is based on the category of causes causing the pathology.

Organic disorders arise as a result of damage to the articulatory apparatus, traumatic brain injury, individual parts of the central nervous system, which are inextricably linked with speaking function, and pathology of the hearing organs.

The first signs of the disease sometimes appear after illness:

major stroke;
thrombophlebitis;
malignant tumors in the brain;
acute viral infections;
injuries during labor;
Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease in the elderly;
neuroinfections – Lyme disease, meningitis, encephalitis;
taking antibiotics leading to hearing loss;
botulism, which affects the nervous system;
alcoholism and drug addiction;
spasm of cerebral vessels;
epileptic seizures;
cerebral palsy.

Functional speech disorders occur when the human body is exposed to the following factors:

long-term use of drugs for the treatment of mental disorders (antidepressants, tranquilizers, antipsychotics);
hereditary predisposition;
severe fear;
tendency to hysteria;
mental retardation;
chronic neurosis;
severe depression;
speech underdevelopment diagnosed in childhood;
exposure to severe stress.

Contacting a psychiatric clinic allows patients to improve their condition, increase the level of adaptation and society.

Sudden loss of speech due to stress: causes, what to do – Harmony within

It is still believed that memory is something incomprehensible and unknown, which is not subject to human understanding. From time to time, individual memories emerge in the mind, but where they were stored before remains a mystery.

Little is known about memory; up to the age of 25 it actively develops, and by the age of 50 a person loses the ability to learn new things. Many factors undermine memory, among the most dangerous are severe or constant stress.

Currently, memory loss after stress is the most common phenomenon.

Causes of stress-induced memory loss

Amnesia is caused by various factors; they can be conditionally classified into one of two groups: organic and psychological. After stress, memory loss is precisely psychological in nature. It is caused by the influence of the following stressors:

Regular tension, daily stress;

Chronic fatigue;

Lethargy or state of overexcitement;

Lack of attention;

Obsessive thoughts.

A person, under the influence of these factors, performs many actions automatically, as a result of which they are not reflected in memory. So a person may not remember some details, whether he turned off the iron or locked the door.

Stress-induced memory loss can be caused by taking antidepressants, sleeping pills or psychotropic drugs. This phenomenon is also observed in people with brain diseases who have suffered encephalitis or stroke. This often affects people with post-traumatic stress disorder .

The condition develops after suffocation, hypoxia and ischemia. People suffering from alcoholism and drug addiction are also susceptible to amnesia. These are causes that can be classified as organic.

The risk group includes young people whose lives are filled with stress. Their sleep is disturbed and their immunity is reduced. These include students, as well as people working irregular hours.

What causes the process of memory loss? According to research by Russian scientists, stress causes inflammatory processes in the hippocampus, the place where human memories are consolidated and stored.

This area of the brain is most susceptible to destruction as a result of depression and constant stress. At the same time, experts note that stress triggers destructive processes, and they do not stop immediately after the irritating factor is eliminated.

Experiments on mice showed that elevated levels of corticosteroids in this area of the brain persisted for a month after returning to normal conditions. It is stress hormones that negatively affect hippocampal cells, destroying them.

Symptoms and signs of amnesia

Symptoms of memory loss can be independent, but in most cases they are combined with signs of other diseases. These include:

Difficulty remembering;
Confusion in thoughts;
Impaired coordination of movements;
Confusion of consciousness;
Lost in time;
Inability to recognize people.

Symptoms may last for minutes, hours, or years. Long-term exposure to negative factors can lead to complete memory loss.

Complete and partial memory loss

A number of structures in the body are responsible for memory. They are regulated by smell, instincts, emotions. When a part of the brain, the hippocampus, is damaged, a person loses memory. The most dangerous condition is when memory loss is caused by psychogenic escape.

It is a dissociative disorder in which all memories of the past are erased. The person does not remember anything: who he is, what he did, who his relatives and friends are. This loss of self is called complete loss of memory. Recovery takes a long time; in some cases, memory may not return at all.

Most often, short-term memory is impaired as a result of depression. Partial amnesia is caused by the fact that the growth of brain cells is disrupted under the influence of stressors. The severity of the damage depends on the duration of the depressive state.

It happens that memories related to one event or period are lost. This is partial or episodic memory loss. With procedural memory loss, a person loses the ability to perform usual actions.

Based on their prevalence, there are two types of memory loss. With a complete loss, the individual loses all memories, and with a partial loss, individual fragments are missing. The duration of the violation can be anything from several days to decades.

Treatment

Recovering memory after stress is a complex process. Treatment is carried out in several directions.

Drug treatment

Drug treatment includes:

Taking medications to restore memory. Drugs such as Gliatilin, Exelon, Reminil, Semax, Cerebrolysin may be prescribed. Mexidol and Glycine performed well.
Often, tranquilizers and quick sedative tablets - Oxazepam, Eunoctine, Meprobamate, Diazepam. They help relieve anxiety, restlessness, and convulsions, but their side effects must be taken into account.

Tranquilizers have many disadvantages; they cannot be taken for a long period ; it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of these drugs with other drugs and alcohol. Many tranquilizers have a negative effect on internal organs and cause allergic reactions.

The most important thing after stress is to restore the organs damaged by it, but synthetic drugs cannot cope with this task, they only relieve symptoms.

Safer herbal preparations with a low content of synthetic substances can also be used. The herbal preparation Novopassit, which has a mild sedative effect, has proven itself well.

It relieves insomnia, fights fear and anxiety, relieves fatigue, headaches, and even partially restores affected organs. But at the same time, Novopassit also has contraindications; adverse reactions from the gastrointestinal tract are observed.

Drug treatment is not complete without physiotherapy, which helps restore blood circulation and develop individual muscle groups. The result will be faster if you introduce physical activity programs.

Treatment at home

Medicine is good, but a patient with such a problem should take an active part in the treatment himself. You should not rely entirely on medications. It is important to practice at home.

The memory recovery program includes the following aspects:

Memory training. Along with physical activity, memorizing songs and poems is effective. It’s better to start with familiar lines, remember what you learned in childhood. Then you can switch to new material.
Nutrition correction. The diet should contain raisins and walnuts, carrots, seafood, etc.
Leisure. Walking in the fresh air helps and calms, which can be successfully combined with memory classes or training.
Folk remedies. Decoctions of rowan bark and young pine buds, which are collected in the spring, are effective for restoring memory.

It is important that during this difficult period for a person there are close people nearby who would support, understand and help restore memory. It is very difficult to cope without the help of relatives.

The main step to restoring and maintaining good memory is a healthy lifestyle. No matter how trite it sounds, bad habits cause oxygen starvation, which negatively affects the functioning of all organs and systems, including the brain.

Read - Exercises to relieve stress and tension

Proper nutrition, accessible physical activity, maintaining a positive attitude are the key to a long and happy life!

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The consequence of severe stress or fear: neurotic stuttering and ways to get rid of it

Neurotic stuttering is a disorder of the nervous system that affects the fluency and rhythm of the patient’s speech. The pathology is also known as “logoneurosis”.

Stuttering in adults and children can occur against the background of prolonged stress, during or after an emotional shock. Every year, tens of thousands of people with suspicion of logoneurosis turn to speech therapists and neurologists.

Let us consider in more detail what form of stuttering is caused by psychogenic causes and psychotraumas, what precedes the onset of acquired logoneurosis of the neurotic form, and what determines the mechanism of the disease.

What it is?

Neurotic stuttering (or logoneurosis) is one of the forms of speech dysfunction , which is expressed in distortion of the rhythm of conversation, the appearance of speech repetitions and neurotic hesitations.

This disease, like similar stuttering, is formed as a result of tonic and tonic-clonic convulsions in the respiratory-vocal and articulatory muscles.

Logoneurosis is closely related to traumatic events, due to which it belongs to the group of neuroses . However, the disease can also be caused suddenly.

Children are at risk. Mainly during the active formation of speech functions. Short-term speech hesitations are observed in 4 children out of 100.

Causes of the disease

The main reason for the appearance of neurotic hesitations is the influence of a traumatic situation or prolonged distress.

In the case of a one-time destructive psycho-emotional event, the disease may go away after some time; more serious consequences (up to transient mutism) are expressed due to prolonged stay in an environment unfavorable for the psyche.

Is it possible to start stuttering from fear? Examples of psychogenic causes of stuttering in children and adults:

stress, extreme fear, or extreme anger;
excessive load when teaching spoken language;
violation of family roles and family functionality in children;
imitating the conversation of a stuttering relative or friend;
loss of a loved one;
love problems.

Pathogenesis and development mechanisms

Presumably, when exposed to acute stressful situations, neurotic hesitations develop through the appearance of a stable pathology of conditioned reflex functions. And the final consolidation of the disease is the formation of motor automatism.

It can be assumed that at the age of 2 to 4 years, stuttering is influenced by the pathological consolidation of natural speech hesitations , characteristic of this age period of the formation of speech functions (the so-called functional stuttering).

Statistics show that stuttering often begins to appear in the early stages among children aged 3-5 years. Complications of symptoms and accompanying neurotic reactions can be observed mainly among adolescents, in the period 15-17 years.

The complication process is associated with rapid age-related changes in the human body. Logophobia (fear of speech) is formed precisely during puberty , subdepressive mood changes also appear, and various kinds of asthenic and somato-vegetative disorders arise.

Types of speech pathologies

Different types of dysfunction of impressive and expressive speech are classified depending on the clinical picture of the disease. Among the most common violations are:

Dislalia. It manifests itself in problems with the pronunciation of sounds, while the patient’s articulatory apparatus, hearing, and intellect remain intact.
Tahilalia. The patient speaks very quickly, while swallowing sounds, and makes inappropriate hesitations in sentences. This speech disorder in adults is often a sign of mental retardation, epilepsy and other mental disorders.
Aphonia. People speak in a whisper and are unable to pronounce sounds loudly due to stress or pathology of the larynx.
Stuttering. The rhythm and pace of speech is disrupted, the person cannot pronounce individual words without hesitation. Among the reasons are severe fear and hereditary predisposition.
Dysarthria. There is a distorted pronunciation of sounds, as well as disturbances in speech motor skills. The problem arises due to improper functioning of the articulatory apparatus or brain damage due to stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis.
Alalia. Speech function is not developed and may occur after a traumatic brain injury or due to congenital autism.
Rhinolalia. The patient suffers from incorrect pronunciation of sounds due to the abnormal structure of the speech apparatus (physical trauma to the palate, “cleft lip,” “cleft palate”).

Not all patients are sent to the psychiatric department for hospitalization; some pathologies can be successfully treated at home. It is important to follow all doctor's recommendations.

Main features of tachylalia

The disorder (tachylalia is no exception) involves division into several types:

a pure form of tachylalia, in which only speech is accelerated;
battarism, where there are distortions in the construction of phrases;
Poltern is characterized by a pathologically fast flow of speech with hesitations and pauses due to incorrect articulation, difficulties in finding words or formulating phrases, and disturbances in the perception of the interlocutor’s speech.

By the nature of its occurrence, this form of tachylalia is heterogeneous, so it can manifest itself in the following forms:

Poltern with motor disorders (rapid speech with incorrect articulation);
Poltern with sensory impairment (rapid speech with impaired auditory attention);
Poltern with difficulty finding words;
Poltern with difficulties in formulating speech.

Treatment of speech disorder in Moscow

The treatment strategy is selected depending on the clinical picture of the disease. At Dr. Isaev’s Clinic there are specialists who conduct classes with patients in order to improve their condition. For example, a speech therapist treats stuttering with the help of special exercises, some of which are performed at home to consolidate the effect.

Treatment of speech disorder in Moscow for dysarthria is supplemented by physiotherapy, acupuncture, and medications.